Cases involving diversity of citizenship may arise between what type of parties?

Diversity of citizenship cases arise in situations where the parties involved are citizens of different states, which is crucial for establishing federal jurisdiction. This principle is grounded in Article III, Section 2 of the U.S. Constitution, which allows federal courts to hear cases that involve parties from different states to prevent potential bias in state courts.

In this context, when citizens of different states are involved in a legal dispute, the case may be brought in federal court if it meets the necessary jurisdictional requirements, such as the amount in controversy exceeding a certain threshold. This is designed to ensure a fair trial, as it minimizes any regional bias that may exist in state courts.

The other options do not fit the criteria for diversity jurisdiction in the same way. For example, citizens of the same state typically do not meet the requirement for diversity of citizenship since they are considered to have a common legal interest. Government entities may create specific jurisdictional questions but do not typically involve diversity jurisdiction in the same manner, as they are often treated as citizens of the state they represent. Similarly, international entities can implicate federal question jurisdiction or other forms of jurisdiction, but they do not establish diversity of citizenship as defined within the context of U.S. law. Thus, the correct assertion focuses