Federal district courts have jurisdiction over which type of civil cases?

Federal district courts have jurisdiction over civil cases that involve federal questions and diversity of citizenship. This means that they can hear cases that arise under federal laws, statutes, or constitutional issues (federal questions), as well as cases where the parties are from different states and the amount in controversy exceeds a specified threshold (diversity of citizenship).

The requirement for diversity jurisdiction ensures that there is a fair forum for parties from different states, minimizing the potential for bias. In contrast, federal questions allow for cases involving issues such as federal regulations, constitutional rights, and other matters that pertain to federal law.

The other options do not encompass the full extent of jurisdiction of federal district courts. While diversity of citizenship is one part, it is not the only type of case they can hear. Choices focusing solely on state law issues or only criminal cases fail to recognize that federal district courts operate under a broader jurisdiction that includes both federal questions and diversity matters.