Which term embodies the basic unit of information relevant to personal or business data?

The term that embodies the basic unit of information relevant to personal or business data is "Field." In the context of databases and data management, a field represents a single piece of information stored within a record. For example, in a database table representing employees, individual fields may hold data such as the employee's name, address, or phone number. Each field corresponds to a specific attribute of the data.

The concept of fields is essential for structuring data in an organized manner. While "record" refers to a complete set of fields that relate to a single entity (like all information about one employee), and "data" is a broader term that encompasses all forms of information (including both fields and records), it is the field that specifically identifies the smallest piece of meaningful data within that structure. "Segment," on the other hand, typically refers to a subdivision or part of a larger entity and does not specifically define the basic unit of information.